In this week's Nature, an international research team presents the sequenced genomes of five Neanderthals, uncovering new details about the genetic history of the archaic humans. The researchers sequenced the genomes of five Neanderthals who lived around 39,000 years to 47,000 years ago in Belgium, France, Croatia, and the Russian Caucasus, and compared them them with the genome of an older Neanderthal from the Caucasus.