'You Cannot Use People'

Jay Katz, a psychoanalyst and Yale Law School professor, died last week of heart failure at the age of 86. During his career, Katz studied the conflicting interests of doctors and patients in medical research, writing the 1984 book The Silent World of Doctor and Patient. In the 1970s, Katz was on the panel investigating the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. "There is persistent confusion between research and [clinical] practice and the obfuscation of the two," Katz told the Los Angeles Times in 1994. "You cannot use people -- or you should not use people -- as means for others' ends and for ends that might ultimately even be good.'