Human Genetic Variation Alters Anthrax Toxin Sensitivity
Martchenko, Candille et al., PNAS
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine show that genetic variation affecting capillary morphogenesis gene 2, or CMG2, dramatically alters toxin sensitivity in humans. In its analysis, the team reports on "a CMG2 single-nucleotide polymorphism occurring frequently in African and European populations [that they found] independently altered toxin uptake." The group goes on to suggest "testing of genomically characterized human cell populations may offer a broadly useful strategy for elucidating effects of genetic variation on infectious disease susceptibility."
Taking on H5N1
NIH announced that a vaccine for H5N1 avian flu designed by scientists at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has entered clinical trials. The DNA-based vaccine is the first to start human trials, according to NIH. If all goes well with this vaccine, it could help pave the way for development of other DNA-based, rather than virus-based, vaccines.